Generalised Anxiety Disorder
What is generalised anxiety disorder?
Generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) is characterised by excessive worry about everyday issues that is disproportionate to any inherent risk. One-third of people diagnosed with GAD are male, but this statistic doesn't include the 50% of people with GAD that don't seek treatment and therefore don't get their diagnosis. It's most common in people between 35 and 55 years old, and a fewer than one-third of people with GAD receive adequate treatment.
What are the symptoms of GAD?
At least three of these symptoms will be present for at least six months, causing significant distress or impairment in social, occupational or other important areas of functioning.
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Restlessness
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Nervousness
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Easily fatigued
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Poor concentration
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Irritability
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Muscle tension
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Sleep disturbance
What can influence the onset of GAD?
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Family history: a family history of anxiety disorders, depression, or other psychiatric disorders can increase our risk of developing GAD.
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Childhood adversity: these are negative experiences in our childhood that can increase the chances of developing GAD, such as:
- Maternal depression, family disruption (e.g. divorce)
- Domestic violence, parental substance misuse
- Bullying
- Exposure to an overprotective or overly harsh parenting style
- Neglect and abuse
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History of physical, sexual, emotional or coercive trauma
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Substance dependence
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Chronic physical conditions such as cancer, diabetes, arthritis, heart disease
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Sociodemographic factors such as:
- Being separated, widowed or divorced
- Unemployment
- Low income
- Low education levels
How is GAD treated?
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Guided self-help: You can refer yourself to NHS talking therapies, where you may be offered guided CBT self-help. This is a convenient way of receiving support if you have work or family commitments or can't leave your home easily. Here is the link to find your closest talking therapies, and refer yourself for this support: Find NHS talking therapies for anxiety and depression - NHS
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Reframing unhelpful thoughts: you can go through this page, which has CBT-informed videos and exercises to help reframe our anxious thoughts: Reframing unhelpful thoughts - Every Mind Matters - NHS
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Often, SSRIs will be prescribed by your GP, which is a type of antidepressant. Read here for more information on this type of mediation: Your Treatment Options | The BRO Program
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Here is our poster on how to support others who may be experiencing anxiety or GAD: Supporting Others With Anxiety
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